Fault level Calculation:

Fault:

A fault in electrical equipment or apparatus is defined as a flaw in the electrical circuit that causes electricity to be diverted from its intended course. In other terms, a defect is an abnormal situation of an electrical system that causes damage to electrical equipment and disrupts the regular flow of electric current.

The insulation strength between phase conductors and earth or any earthed screen around the conductors is reduced as a result of the defect. It also lowers the impedance (circuit characteristic that opposes current flow) between the conductors and the ground, allowing a large short circuit current to pass through the system, causing damage to the power system’s equipment.

Transmission lines have a higher risk of failure or the formation of anomalous faults. Transmission line faults account for almost half of all power system faults. Transmission lines are more widely branched, have a longer length, operate in a variety of weather situations, and are exposed to the effects of electrically induced air disturbances.

What is Fault level?

Fault level at a given point of the electrical power system network is the maximum current that would flow in case of a short circuit fault at that point.

• The circuit breaker should be capable of Breaking &Making current as per their rating, and it should also have rated short time capacity.

Purpose of Fault level Calculation:

• With adequate short circuit breaking capabilities, short-circuit safety devices are used.
• To choose circuit breakers and switches with enough short-circuiting capabilities.
• And also to choose a bus bar, cable, and switchgear that can withstand heat and mechanical forces generated by a short circuit.

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